Zaruruwan Antistatic wani nau'in zare ne na sinadarai wanda ba ya tara caji mai tsauri cikin sauƙi. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun, ana buƙatar zaruruwan antistatic su sami juriyar girma ƙasa da 10¹⁰Ω·cm ko kuma watsar da caji mai tsauri rabin rayuwa ƙasa da daƙiƙa 60.

Kayan yadi galibi kayan hana lantarki ne masu juriya sosai, musamman zaruruwan roba masu ƙarancin shan danshi kamar su polyester, acrylic, da polyvinyl chloride. A lokacin sarrafa yadi, kusanci da gogayya tsakanin zaruruwa da zaruruwa ko zaruruwa da sassan injina za su haifar da canja wurin caji a saman abubuwa, ta haka ne za a samar da wutar lantarki mai tsauri.

Wutar lantarki mai tsauri na iya haifar da illoli da yawa. Misali, zare masu caji iri ɗaya suna korar juna, kuma zare masu caji daban-daban suna jan hankalin sassan injina, wanda zai haifar da slipper fluff, ƙaruwar gashin zare, rashin kyawun tsari, zare mai mannewa a sassan injina, ƙaruwar karyewar zare, da kuma tarkace a saman masana'anta. Bayan an caji tufafi, yana da sauƙin shan ƙura ya yi ƙazanta, kuma haɗuwa na iya faruwa tsakanin tufafi da jikin ɗan adam, ko tsakanin tufafi da tufafi, har ma ana iya haifar da tartsatsin wutar lantarki. A cikin mawuyacin hali, ƙarfin lantarki mai tsauri na iya kaiwa volts dubu da yawa, kuma tartsatsin wutar da fitarwa ke haifarwa na iya haifar da gobara mai mummunan sakamako.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don samar da zare na roba da masakunsu da kaddarorin hana tsatsa. Misali, ana iya ƙara polymers masu hydrophilic ko polymers masu ƙarancin nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta yayin polymerization ko juyawar zare na roba; ana iya amfani da fasahar jujjuyawar haɗin gwiwa don samar da zare masu haɗin gwiwa tare da Layer na waje mai hydrophilic. A cikin tsarin juyawa, ana iya haɗa zare na roba da zare masu ƙarfi mai hygroscopicity, ko kuma zare masu caji mai kyau da zare masu caji mara kyau za a iya haɗa su bisa ga jerin yuwuwar. Hakanan ana iya amfani da ƙarewar hydrophilic mai ɗorewa ga masaku.

Domin shirya zare masu tasirin hana kumburi, sau da yawa ana ƙara surfactants a cikin abin da ake juyawa don jujjuyawar haɗin. Bayan samuwar zare, surfactants za su ci gaba da ƙaura da yaɗuwa daga cikin zare zuwa saman saboda halayensu, don cimma tasirin hana kumburi. Akwai kuma hanyoyi kamar gyara surfactants akan saman zare ta hanyar manne ko haɗa su cikin fina-finai akan saman zare, kuma tasirin yana kama da goge varnish mai hana kumburi a saman filastik.

Tasirin hana tsatsa na irin waɗannan zaruruwa yana da alaƙa da danshi na muhalli. Idan danshi ya yi yawa, danshi zai iya haɓaka tasirin ionic na surfactant, kuma aikin hana tsatsa yana inganta sosai; a cikin busassun yanayi, tasirin zai ragu.

Babban sinadarin wannan nau'in zare mai hana kumburi shine a gyara polymer ɗin da ke samar da zare, sannan a ƙara ƙarfin zaren ta hanyar ƙara monomers ko polymers masu hana kumburi, ta haka ne za a ba shi kaddarorin hana kumburi. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya haɗa jan ƙarfe sulfate cikin maganin juyawar acrylic, kuma bayan juyawa da coagulation, ana yi masa magani da wani abu mai rage sulfur, wanda zai iya inganta ingancin samarwa da juriyar kwararar zaren. Baya ga jujjuyawar gauraya ta yau da kullun, hanyar ƙara polymers masu hana kumburi yayin polymerization don samar da tsarin watsawa na micro-multiphase ya bayyana a hankali, kamar ƙara polyethylene glycol zuwa ga cakuda amsawar caprolactam don haɓaka juriyar kaddarorin hana kumburi.

Ana yin zare masu sarrafa ƙarfe da kayan ƙarfe ta hanyar takamaiman hanyoyin samar da zare. Karafa na yau da kullun sun haɗa da bakin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, aluminum, nickel, da sauransu. Irin waɗannan zare suna da kyakkyawan ikon sarrafa wutar lantarki, suna iya gudanar da caji cikin sauri, kuma suna kawar da wutar lantarki mai tsauri yadda ya kamata. A lokaci guda, suna da kyakkyawan juriya ga zafi da juriya ga lalata sinadarai. Duk da haka, idan aka shafa su a kan yadi, akwai wasu ƙuntatawa. Misali, zare na ƙarfe suna da ƙarancin haɗin kai, kuma ƙarfin haɗin kai tsakanin zare yayin juyawa bai isa ba, wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin ingancin zare; launin kayayyakin da aka gama yana iyakance ne ta launin ƙarfen da kansa kuma yana da ɗan kama ɗaya. A aikace-aikace, sau da yawa ana haɗa su da zare na yau da kullun, suna amfani da fa'idar sarrafa zare na ƙarfe don ba wa samfuran da aka haɗa da kaddarorin hana rikicewa, da kuma amfani da zare na yau da kullun don inganta aikin juyawa da rage farashi.

Hanyoyin shirya zaruruwan carbon masu aiki da kansu sun haɗa da doping, shara, carbonization, da sauransu. Doping shine haɗa ƙazanta masu aiki da kansu cikin kayan da ke samar da fiber don canza tsarin lantarki na kayan, ta haka ne ke ba da fiber ɗin damar watsawa; shafi shine samar da Layer mai aiki da kansa ta hanyar shafa Layer na kayan carbon tare da kyakkyawan watsawa kamar carbon black akan saman fiber; carbonization gabaɗaya yana amfani da viscose, acrylic, pitch, da sauransu azaman zaruruwan precursor, kuma yana canza su zuwa zaruruwan carbon masu aiki da kansu ta hanyar carbonization mai zafi. Zaruruwan carbon masu aiki da waɗannan hanyoyin suka shirya suna samun wasu watsawa yayin da suke riƙe da wani ɓangare na ainihin halayen injiniya na zaruruwan. Kodayake zaruruwan carbon da carbon ke sarrafawa suna da kyakkyawan watsawa, juriya ga zafi da juriya ga sinadarai, suna da babban modulus, laushi mai tauri, rashin tauri, ba su da juriya ga lanƙwasawa, kuma ba su da ikon rage zafi, don haka amfaninsu ba shi da kyau a wasu lokutan da zaruruwan ke buƙatar samun sassauci da nakasa.

Zaruruwan da ke aiki da sinadarai masu aiki da sinadarai masu aiki da sinadarai masu aiki da sinadarai suna da tsari na musamman na haɗin kai, kuma electrons na iya motsawa cikin 'yanci akan sarkar kwayoyin halitta, don haka suna da ikon sarrafa abubuwa. Saboda keɓantattun halayensu na sarrafawa da halayen kayan halitta, irin waɗannan zaruruwan suna da ƙimar amfani mai yuwuwa a wasu fannoni masu ƙarfi tare da buƙatun aikin kayan aiki na musamman da ƙarancin farashi, kamar takamaiman na'urorin lantarki da filayen sararin samaniya.

Wannan nau'in zare yana aiki ta hanyar shafa abubuwa masu aiki kamar carbon black da metal a saman zare na roba ta hanyar kammala saman. Tsarin shafa ƙarfe yana da rikitarwa kuma yana da tsada, kuma yana iya yin tasiri ga halayen sakawa kamar yadda ake ji da hannu na zare.

Hanyar jujjuyawar haɗin gwiwa ita ce samar da zare ɗaya mai sassa biyu ko fiye daban-daban ta hanyar haɗawar haɗin gwiwa ta musamman a cikin tsarin juyawa iri ɗaya ta amfani da polymers biyu ko fiye tare da haɗe-haɗe ko halaye daban-daban. Lokacin shirya zaruruwan antistatic, polymers tare da watsawa ko polymers da aka ƙara tare da abubuwa masu sarrafawa galibi ana amfani da su azaman sashi ɗaya kuma a haɗa su da polymers na yau da kullun waɗanda ke samar da fiber. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin shirya fiber antistatic, zaruruwan da aka shirya ta hanyar jujjuyawar haɗin gwiwa suna da ƙarin karko da kaddarorin antistatic kuma ba su da mummunan tasiri akan asalin halayen zaruruwan.

A rayuwar yau da kullum, idan iska ta bushe sosai a lokacin hunturu, ana iya samar da wutar lantarki mai tsauri tsakanin fatar ɗan adam da tufafi, kuma wutar lantarki mai tsauri nan take na iya kaiwa dubunnan volts a cikin mawuyacin hali, wanda ke haifar da rashin jin daɗi ga jikin ɗan adam. Misali, tafiya a kan kafet na iya samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi 1500-35000 volts, tafiya a kan benaye na resin vinyl na iya samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi 250-12000 volts, kuma shafa a kan kujera a cikin gida na iya samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi fiye da volts 1800. Matsayin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi ya dogara ne akan danshi na iskar da ke kewaye. Yawanci, lokacin da tsangwama mai ƙarfi ta wuce volts 7000, mutane za su ji girgizar lantarki.

Wutar lantarki mai tsayayye tana da illa ga jikin ɗan adam. Wutar lantarki mai tsayawayye na iya ƙara yawan alkaline a cikin jini, rage yawan sinadarin calcium a cikin jini, da kuma ƙara yawan fitar da sinadarin calcium a cikin fitsari. Wannan yana da tasiri sosai ga yara masu girma, tsofaffi masu ƙarancin sinadarin calcium a cikin jini, da mata masu juna biyu da uwaye masu shayarwa waɗanda ke buƙatar sinadarin calcium mai yawa. Tarin wutar lantarki mai tsayawayye a jikin ɗan adam zai haifar da rashin isasshen kwararar wutar lantarki na membranes na jijiyar kwakwalwa, yana shafar tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya, yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin pH na jini da halayen iskar oxygen na jiki, yana shafar daidaiton jiki na jiki, kuma yana haifar da alamu kamar dizziness, ciwon kai, haushi, rashin barci, rashin ci, da kuma rashin sha'awar tunani. Wutar lantarki mai tsayawayye kuma tana iya tsoma baki ga zagayawar jinin ɗan adam, garkuwar jiki da tsarin jijiyoyi, yana shafar aikin gabobin jiki daban-daban (musamman zuciya), kuma yana iya haifar da bugun zuciya mara daidaituwa da bugun zuciya da wuri. A lokacin hunturu, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini suna da alaƙa da wutar lantarki mai tsayawayye. Bugu da ƙari, a wuraren da ake iya ƙonewa da fashewa, wutar lantarki mai tsayawayye a jikin ɗan adam na iya haifar da gobara.