PTA ba ta da ƙamshi mai daɗi? Manyan mutane da yawa sun ci gaba da "fita daga da'irar", me ya faru?
Fashewa! Ineos, Rakuten, Mitsubishi sun fice daga kasuwancin PTA!
Mitsubishi Chemical: A ranar 22 ga Disamba, Mitsubishi Chemical ta sanar da labarai da dama a jere, ciki har da sanarwar shirin canja wurin kashi 80% na hannun jarin reshenta na Indonesia da kuma nadin manyan ma'aikata kamar sabon Shugaba.
A wani taron zartarwa da aka gudanar a ranar 22 ga wata, Mitsubishi Chemical Group ta yanke shawarar mika kashi 80% na hannun jarinta a Kamfanin Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation na Indonesia (PTMitsubishi Chemical lndonesia) ga PT Lintas Citra Pratama. Kamfanin na biyu yana gudanar da kasuwancin sinadarin terephthalic acid (PTA).
MCCI tana kera da sayar da Ptas a Indonesia tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1991. Duk da cewa kasuwar PTA da kasuwancinta a Indonesia suna da ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali, ƙungiyar ta ci gaba da la'akari da alkiblar kasuwancin yayin da take haɓaka sarrafa fayil ɗinta tare da mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwa, gasa da dorewa bisa ga tsarin kasuwancinta na "Gina Gaba".
Wani reshe na PT Lintas CitraPratama yana shirin tallata paraxylene, babban kayan PTA, a kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
A baya, sabbin kayan sinadarai sun ba da rahoton cewa manyan kamfanonin kasa da kasa ciki har da Ineos da Lotte Chemical sun rufe/janye daga ayyukan PTA.
Kamfanin Lotte Chemical ya sanar da barin kasuwancin PTA gaba daya
Kamfanin Lotte Chemical ya sanar da cewa yana shirin sayar da hannun jarinsa na kashi 75.01% a kamfanin Lotte Chemical Pakistan Limited (LCPL) sannan ya fice daga kasuwancin da aka tace ta hanyar terephthalic acid (PTA). Rage darajar wani bangare ne na dabarun Lotte Chemical na matsakaicin lokaci don karfafa kasuwancinta na kayan musamman masu daraja.
Kamfanin LCPL, wanda ke Port Qasim, Karachi, yana samar da tan 500,000 na PTA a kowace shekara. Kamfanin ya sayar da kasuwancin ga Lucky Core Industries (LCI), wani kamfanin sinadarai na Pakistan, akan won biliyan 19.2 (kimanin yuan biliyan 1.06) (Lotte Chemical ya sayi LCPL akan won biliyan 14.7 a shekarar 2009). LCI galibi tana samar da polyester na PTA, tana samar da tan 122,000 na polymer na polyester da tan 135,000 na zare na polyester a kowace shekara a Lahore, yayin da tan 225,000 na soda ash a kowace shekara a Heura.
Lotte Chemical ta ce za a yi amfani da kudaden da aka samu daga sayar da kasuwancin PTA wajen bunkasa kasuwar da ake da ita ta kayayyakin da aka kara masu daraja kamar su polyethylene, polypropylene da polyethylene terephthalate, da kuma fadada kasuwancin sinadarai na musamman da kuma shiga harkar kayan muhalli.
A watan Yulin 2020, Lotte Chemical ta dakatar da samar da PTA a masana'antarta mai nauyin tan 600,000/shekara a Ulsan, Koriya ta Kudu, kuma ta mayar da ita cibiyar samar da sinadarin isophanic acid (PIA), wanda a halin yanzu yake da karfin PIA na tan 520,000/shekara.
Ineos: Ya sanar da rufe wani rukunin PTA
A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, Ineos ya sanar da cewa yana da niyyar rufe ƙananan da tsofaffin sassan PTA guda biyu (wanda aka tace ta hanyar terephthalic acid) a cibiyar samar da PX da PTA da ke masana'antarsa da ke Herr, Antwerp, Belgium.
An daina samar da na'urar tun shekarar 2022 kuma an daɗe ana ci gaba da nazarin makomarta ta dogon lokaci.
Ineos ya ce a cikin sanarwar manema labarai da ya fitar, manyan dalilan rufe masana'antar su ne: karuwar makamashi, albarkatun kasa da kuma farashin aiki ya sa samar da kayayyaki a Turai ya zama kasa da gasa idan aka kwatanta da fitar da sabbin PTA da karfin da aka samu daga wasu kayayyaki a Asiya; Kuma kungiyar tana son mayar da hankali kan sabbin kayayyaki masu inganci.
Hayaniyar samar da kayan masarufi, buƙatar "0" a ƙasa?
Idan aka yi la'akari da kasuwar PTA ta cikin gida, zuwa yanzu, matsakaicin farashin PTA na shekara-shekara a shekarar 2023 ya ragu idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 2022.
Duk da cewa rikicin Tekun Bahar Maliya na baya-bayan nan tare da rufewar gida sakamakon yanayin sanyi, PTA ta yi ta hauhawa; Duk da haka, ƙarshen sayayya na yadi ba su da kyau, kamfanonin sakar da ke ƙasa ba su da kwarin gwiwa game da kasuwa ta gaba, dangane da ƙaruwar kaya da matsin lamba na kuɗi kan hauhawar farashin juriyar kayan masarufi yana da ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da wahalar samun nau'ikan polyester, wanda ke haifar da raguwar ribar nau'ikan polyester.
Bugu da ƙari, tare da saurin haɓaka ayyukan haɗin gwiwa, ƙarfin PTA na gaba har yanzu yana nuna ƙaruwar yanayin. A shekarar 2024, ana sa ran PTA na cikin gida za ta samar da tan miliyan 12.2, kuma ƙimar haɓakar PTA na iya kaiwa kashi 15%, daga mahangar ƙarfin samarwa, PTA na iya fuskantar matsin lamba mai yawa.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antar PTA ta cikin gida ta fuskanci lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙarin iko da kuma sake fasalin ƙarfin aiki, canjin yanayin samar da kayayyaki yana da tasiri sosai ga kasuwa, tare da sabbin kayan aiki da aka fara amfani da su, da kuma yanayin da masana'antar PTA ta cikin gida za ta fuskanta a nan gaba ko kuma ta fi tsanani.
Kawar da abubuwa cikin sauri! Masana'antar tana ƙara zama mai gasa
Tare da samar da jerin manyan na'urorin PTA, jimillar ƙarfin PTA ya yi yawa, kuma gasar masana'antu ta ƙara yin tsanani.
A halin yanzu, manyan kamfanonin PTA suna ci gaba da rage kuɗin sarrafawa, kwace hannun jarin kasuwa, kawar da ƙarancin ƙarfin samarwa, an kawar da yawancin na'urorin da ke da tsadar sarrafa kayayyaki, kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sabbin kayan aikin PTA da aka sanya a cikin samar da na'urorin PTA sun fi tan miliyan 2 na na'urori masu tasowa a manyan masana'antu, kuma matsakaicin farashin sarrafawa na masana'antar ya ragu sosai. A nan gaba, ƙarfin samarwa mai ci gaba zai ƙaru, kuma matsakaicin farashin sarrafawa na na'urorin cikin gida na masana'antar don samar da PTA zai ragu tare da samarwa, kuma kuɗin sarrafawa zai kasance a matakin ƙasa na dogon lokaci.
Saboda haka, a cikin mahallin wadata da yawa, ƙara yawan gasa a masana'antu, da raguwar riba, babu shakka rayuwa a kamfanoni abu ne mai wahala, don haka da alama zaɓin Ineos, Rakuten, Mitsubishi shi ma abin da ya dace ne, ko dai a mai da hankali kan babban kasuwancin don rage kasuwanci, ko kuma a karya makamai don tsira, ko kuma a shirya don ƙetare iyaka da sauran dabarun gaba.
Tushe: Cibiyar Ciniki da Sinadarai ta Guangzhou, Cibiyar Sadarwa
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-02-2024