Tun lokacin da 'yan Houthi suka fara kai hare-harensu a Tekun Bahar Maliya, kudin inshorar yaƙi ya ƙaru da kashi 900 cikin 100. Wannan alkaluma mai ban mamaki ya fito ne daga wani rahoto da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta fitar a ranar 26 ga wata ta taron Ciniki da Ci Gaba (UNCTAD).
A cewar majiyoyi masu inganci, farashin da ake biya kan haɗarin yaƙi ya kai kashi 0.1 cikin ɗari kawai na darajar jirgin ruwa a ƙarshen shekarar da ta gabata, amma a farkon wannan watan, wannan adadi ya tashi zuwa kashi 1 cikin ɗari na darajar jirgin. Wannan ƙaruwa mai ban mamaki ya yi tasiri sosai ga masana'antar jigilar kaya da ciniki ta duniya.
A lokaci guda kuma, rahoton ya kuma bayyana wani yanayi mai tayar da hankali: zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ta hanyar Suez Mashigin ruwa a wannan shekarar ya ragu da kashi 42 cikin 100 a shekara, yayin da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ta Panama ta ragu da kashi 49 cikin 100. Wannan raguwar jigilar kayayyaki ya kai kashi 12 cikin 100 na jimillar cinikin Amurka, inda fitar da kayayyaki ya kai kashi 21.3 cikin 100, yayin da shigo da kayayyaki ya kai kashi 5.7 cikin 100.
Ga ƙasashe kamar Ecuador (25.6%), Chile (22%) da Peru (21.8%), tasirin toshewar magudanar ruwa ya yi tsanani musamman. Yawan cinikin waɗannan ƙasashe ya yi matuƙar tasiri, inda kayayyaki masu ɗauke da kwantena suka kai babban kaso. Kafin mako na biyu na watan Fabrairu, jiragen ruwa 586 sun sake yin amfani da hanyarsu a kusa da Cape of Good Hope don guje wa magudanar ruwa ta Suez.
Bugu da ƙari, katsewar mashigin ruwa na Suez ya yi mummunan tasiri ga cinikayya a ƙasashe da dama. A cewar rahoton, kashi 33.9 cikin 100 na cinikin Sudan, kashi 30.5 cikin 100 na cinikin Djibouti, kashi 26.4 cikin 100 na cinikin Saudiyya da kuma kashi 19.4 cikin 100 na cinikin Seychelles duk sun shafi wani mataki.
Yemen misali ne mai kyau, inda UNCTAD ta gano cewa kusan kashi 31.6 cikin 100 na cinikinta na iya fuskantar mummunan tasiri sakamakon katsewar magudanar ruwa, wanda hakan ya saba wa tsammaninta.
Unctad ya kuma lura cewa katsewar sufuri ba wai kawai zai haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ba, wanda hakan zai ƙara farashin kayayyaki, musamman abinci. Wannan ya bayyana a lokacin karuwar farashin kaya bayan annobar. Rahoton ya kiyasta cewa kusan rabin karuwar farashin abinci da aka samu a shekarar 2022 zai kasance ne saboda hauhawar farashin sufuri.
Bugu da ƙari, UNCTAD ta ƙara da cewa karkata zuwa Cape of Good Hope da kuma ƙaruwar saurin da ke tattare da shi zai ƙara yawan amfani da mai ga jiragen ruwa. Ga hanyoyin da ke fitowa daga Gabas Mai Nisa zuwa Arewacin Turai, yawan amfani da mai zai iya ƙaruwa da kashi 70%.
Duk da cewa rahotannin da suka gabata sun mayar da hankali kan yadda sake gudanar da aikin zai ƙara yawan amfani da man fetur a jiragen ruwa, UNCTAD ta gano cewa saurin ya karu, inda ya tashi daga matsakaicin knots 14.6 a watan Oktoba zuwa knots 16.2 a tsakiyar watan Janairu. An kiyasta cewa ƙaruwar gudu sau biyu yana ƙara yawan amfani da man fetur da kashi 31% a kowace mil.
Rahoton ya nuna cewa ƙasashe masu tasowa musamman suna fuskantar cikas a hanyoyin jigilar kaya da kuma canje-canje a yanayin ciniki. Irin wannan sauyi ba wai kawai zai haifar da hauhawar farashi ba, har ma zai iya canza sauƙin ciniki da samun damar shiga kasuwanni. Duk da cewa tasirin waɗannan cikas ɗin bai kai matsayin cikas da annobar ko rikicin jigilar kayayyaki na duniya da ya biyo baya daga 2021-2022 ba, UNCTAD har yanzu tana sa ido sosai kan yanayin da ke ci gaba don tantance tasirinsa na dogon lokaci ga cinikin duniya da masana'antar jigilar kaya.
Tushe: Cibiyar jigilar kaya
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-28-2024